Hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which the parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH is a hormone that helps regulate calcium and phosphate levels in the blood. High levels of PTH can lead to a number of health problems, including hair loss.
There are four parathyroid glands, located behind the thyroid gland in the neck. These glands produce PTH, which helps to regulate calcium and phosphate levels in the blood. When PTH levels are high, calcium levels in the blood increase and phosphate levels decrease.
Hyperparathyroidism can be caused by a number of factors, including:
- Parathyroid adenoma: This is a noncancerous tumor of the parathyroid gland.
- Parathyroid hyperplasia: This is a condition in which all four parathyroid glands become enlarged.
- Secondary hyperparathyroidism: This is a condition in which the parathyroid glands produce too much PTH in response to low calcium levels in the blood.
- Tertiary hyperparathyroidism: This is a condition in which the parathyroid glands continue to produce too much PTH even after calcium levels in the blood have returned to normal.
Hyperparathyroidism can cause a number of health problems, including:
- Kidney stones: High levels of calcium in the blood can lead to the formation of kidney stones.
- Bone pain: High levels of PTH can cause bones to become weak and brittle, leading to pain and an increased risk of fractures.
- Muscle weakness: High levels of calcium in the blood can interfere with muscle function, leading to weakness and fatigue.
- Nausea and vomiting: High levels of calcium in the blood can also cause nausea and vomiting.
- Hair loss: High levels of PTH can damage hair follicles, leading to hair loss.
Hair loss is a common symptom of hyperparathyroidism. It is estimated that up to 50% of people with hyperparathyroidism experience hair loss. The hair loss can be mild or severe, and it can affect the scalp,眉毛, 或者睫毛.
The exact mechanism by which hyperparathyroidism causes hair loss is not fully understood. However, it is thought that high levels of PTH may damage hair follicles, leading to hair loss. Additionally, high levels of calcium in the blood may also contribute to hair loss.
Treatment for hyperparathyroidism can help to stop hair loss. Treatment options include:
- Surgery: Surgery to remove the parathyroid gland or glands that are producing too much PTH.
- Medication: Medications that can help to lower PTH levels.
- Lifestyle changes: Lifestyle changes that can help to lower calcium levels in the blood, such as eating a low-calcium diet and getting regular exercise.
If you are experiencing hair loss and you are concerned that it may be caused by hyperparathyroidism, it is important to see your doctor for evaluation. Early diagnosis and treatment can help to prevent further hair loss and other health problems.
